يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُواْ مِمَّا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٞ مُّبِينٌ ١٦٨
Word-level comparison
2:168 and 2:208
3 differences; everything else is word for word the same.
- Different words2:168 ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُواْ مِمَّا2:208 ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱدۡخُلُواْ
- Different words2:168 ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا2:208 ٱلسِّلۡمِ كَآفَّةٗ
- Vowels differ2:168 مُّبِينٌ2:208 مُّبِينٞ
2:168 Al-Baqarah2:208 Al-Baqarah
In both
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
2:168
ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُواْ مِمَّا
2:208
ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱدۡخُلُواْ
In both
فِي
2:168
ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا
2:208
ٱلسِّلۡمِ كَآفَّةٗ
In both
وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٞ
2:168
مُّبِينٌ
2:208
مُّبِينٞ
A textual comparison. Words are lined up by their letters, then compared exactly, vowels included; only pause marks and page ornaments are ignored. The āyāt are shown exactly as the API returns them.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱدۡخُلُواْ فِي ٱلسِّلۡمِ كَآفَّةٗ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٞ مُّبِينٞ ٢٠٨
The tafsir of each āyah, as published. Marked words show where it mentions the words that differ; that is a search, not an explanation.
2:168
Ibn Kathir (Abridged) · Hafiz Ibn Kathir
This passage explains 2:168 and 2:169 together.
Find in tafsir:مُّبِينٌ ×1not mentioned: ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُواْ مِمَّا ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلسِّلۡمِ كَآفَّةٗ
The Order to eat the Lawful Things, and the Prohibition of following the Footsteps of Shaytan
After Allah stated that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him and that He Alone created the creation, He stated that He is the Sustainer for all His creation, and He mentioned a favor that He granted them; He has allowed them to eat any of the pure lawful things on the earth that do not cause harm to the body or the mind. He also forbade them from following the footsteps of Shaytan, meaning his ways and methods with which he misguides his followers, like prohibiting the Bahirah (a she-camel whose milk was spared for the idols and nobody was allowed to milk it), or Sa'ibah (a she-camel let loose for free pasture for the idols and nothing was allowed to be carried on it), or a Wasilah (a she-camel set free for idols because it has given birth to a she-camel at its first delivery and then again gives birth to a she-camel at its second delivery), and all of the other things that Shaytan made attractive to them during the time of Jahiliyyah. Muslim recorded `Iyad bin Himar saying that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said that Allah the Exalted says,
يَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَى:إِنَّ كُلَّ مَالٍ مَنَحْتُهُ عِبَادِي فَهُوَ لَهُمْ حَلَالٌ، وَفِيهِ وَإِنِّي خَلَقْتُ عِبَادِي حُنَفَاءَ، فَجَاءَتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ فَاجْتَالَتْهُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِمْ، وَحَرَّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَحْلَلْتُ لَهُم»
(`Every type of wealth I have endowed My servants is allowed for them...' (until), `I have created My servants Hunafa' (pure or upright), but the devils came to them and led them astray from their (true) religion and prohibited them from what I allowed for them. ')
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Allah said:
إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ
(...he is to you an open enemy.)
warning against Satan. Allah said in another instance:
إِنَّ الشَّيْطَـنَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَاتَّخِذُوهُ عَدُوّاً إِنَّمَا يَدْعُو حِزْبَهُ لِيَكُونُواْ مِنْ أَصْحَـبِ السَّعِيرِ
(Surely, Shaytan is an enemy to you, so take (treat) him as an enemy. He only invites his Hizb (followers) that they may become the dwellers of the blazing Fire.) (35:6), and:
أَفَتَتَّخِذُونَهُ وَذُرِّيَّتَهُ أَوْلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِى وَهُمْ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ بِئْسَ لِلظَّـلِمِينَ بَدَلاً
(Will you then take him (Iblis) and his offspring as protectors and helpers rather than Me while they are enemies to you What an evil is the exchange for the Zalimin (polytheists, and wrongdoers, etc).) (18:50)
Qatadah and As-Suddi commented on what Allah said:
وَلاَ تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَتِ الشَّيْطَـنِ
(...and follow not the footsteps of Shaytan (Satan)):
Every act of disobedience to Allah is among the footsteps of Satan.
`Abd bin Humayd reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "Any vow or oath that one makes while angry, is among the footsteps of Shaytan and its expiation is that of the vow. " Allah's statement:
إِنَّمَا يَأْمُرُكُم بِالسُّوءِ وَالْفَحْشَآءِ وَأَن تَقُولُواْ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ
(He (Satan) commands you only what is evil and Fahsha (sinful), and that you should say about Allah what you know not.)
The verse means: `Your enemy, Satan, commands you to commit evil acts and what is worse than that, such as adultery and so forth. He commands you to commit what is even worse, that is, saying about Allah without knowledge.' So this includes every innovator and disbeliever.
2:208
Ibn Kathir (Abridged) · Hafiz Ibn Kathir
This passage explains 2:208 and 2:209 together.
Find in tafsir:مُّبِينٌ ×1ٱلَّذِينَ ×1ءَامَنُواْ ×1ٱدۡخُلُواْ ×3ٱلسِّلۡمِ ×3كَآفَّةٗ ×3not mentioned: ٱلنَّاسُ كُلُواْ مِمَّا ٱلۡأَرۡضِ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا
Entering Islam in its Entirety is obligated
Allah commands His servants who believe in Him and have faith in His Messenger to implement all of Islam's legislation and law, to adhere to all of its commandments, as much as they can, and to refrain from all of its prohibitions. `Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, and also Mujahid, Tawus, Ad-Dahhak, `Ikrimah, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Ibn Zayd said that Allah's statement:
ادْخُلُواْ فِي السِّلْمِ
(Enter Silm) means Islam. Allah's statement:
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كَآفَّةً
(...perfectly) means, in its entirety. This is the Tafsir of Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Abu Al-`Aliyah, `Ikrimah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, As-Suddi, Muqatil bin Hayyan, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak. Mujahid said that the Ayah means, `Perform all the good works and the various pious deeds, this is especially addressed to those from among the People of the Scripture who embraced the faith.'
Ibn Abu Hatim reported that Ibn `Abbas said that:
يَـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ادْخُلُواْ فِي السِّلْمِ كَآفَّةً
(O you who believe! Enter Silm perfectly) refers to the believers among the People of the Scripture. This is because they believed in Allah, some of them still followed some parts of the Tawrah and the previous revelations. So Allah said:
ادْخُلُواْ فِي السِّلْمِ كَآفَّةً
(Enter Islam perfectly.) Allah thus commanded them to embrace the legislation of the religion of Muhammad in its entirety and to avoid abandoning any part of it. They should no longer adhere to the Tawrah.
Allah then said:
وَلاَ تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَتِ الشَّيْطَـنِ
(...and follow not the footsteps of Shaytan) meaning, perform the acts of worship and avoid what Satan commands you to do. This is because:
إِنَّمَا يَأْمُرُكُم بِالسُّوءِ وَالْفَحْشَآءِ وَأَن تَقُولُواْ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ
(He (Shaytan) commands you only what is evil and Fahsha' (sinful), and that you should say about Allah what you know not.) (2:169) and:
إِنَّمَا يَدْعُو حِزْبَهُ لِيَكُونُواْ مِنْ أَصْحَـبِ السَّعِيرِ
(He only invites his Hizb (followers) that they may become the dwellers of the blazing Fire.) (35:6) Hence, Allah said:
إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ
(Verily, he is to you an open enemy.)
Allah said:
فَإِن زَلَلْتُمْ مِّن بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَـتُ
(Then if you slide back after the clear signs have come to you) meaning, if you deviate from the Truth after clear proofs have been established against you,
فَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ
(...then know that Allah is All-Mighty) in His punishment, and no one can escape His vengeance or defeat Him.
حَكِيمٌ
(All-Wise) in His decisions, actions and rulings. Hence Abu Al-`Aliyah, Qatadah and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas said, "He is Mighty in His vengeance, Wise in His decision."
Classical scholars wrote whole works on the wording differences between similar verses (المتشابه اللفظي); the tafsir above is shown as published.
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